Most environmental hazards peculiar to a region are often multivariate, and MCDM analysis allows the evaluation of multiple variables in characterizing a hazard presence in a location. In the study area below, a GIS-based spatial decision model indicates the impact of rapid urbanization on incessant flooding through changes in land use patterns.
Reference
Idowu, Dorcas, and Wendy Zhou. 2021. “Land Use and Land Cover Change Assessment in the Context of Flood Hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria” Water 13, no. 8: 1105. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13081105